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Last speaker of the Cornish language
In the 18th and 19th centuries, there was intense academic interest in finding the last native speaker of the Cornish language, a Celtic language which has since been revived but at the time was in such decline as to be near extinction. There is still debate whether or not Cornish actually died out. While completely fluent speakers certainly did disappear before the revival, many Cornish people still had residual knowledge of the language, such as songs, poems, sayings, and basic expressions, and it is this fact that causes the debate about whether or not the language can truly be said to have died out.
In some cases, broader forms of Cornish dialect might have been mistaken for Cornish, particularly if actual Cornish words were used in the conversation, as indeed they were, right into the twentieth century.
==History==
It will probably be impossible to establish who the definitive "last native speaker" of Cornish was owing to the lack of extensive research done at the time and the obvious impossibility of finding audio recordings dating from the era. There is also difficulty with what exactly is meant by "last native speaker", as this has been interpreted in differing ways. Some scholars prefer to use terms such as "last monoglot speaker", to refer to a person whose only language was Cornish, "last native speaker", to refer to a person who may have been bilingual in both English and Cornish and furthermore, "last person with traditional knowledge", that is to say someone who had some knowledge of Cornish that had been handed down, but who had not studied the language per se.
The last known monoglot Cornish speaker is believed to have been Chesten Marchant, who died in 1676 at Gwithian. It is not known when she was born. William Scawen, writing in the 1680s, states that Marchant had a "slight" understanding of English and had been married twice.〔Ellis, P. B. (1974) ''The Cornish Language''. London: Routledge; p. 80〕
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